Journal of Men's Health (Mar 2020)
The Effect of Short-Term Summer Ski Training on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Isokinetic Muscle Function of Cross-Country Skiers
Abstract
Background and objective The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of short-term off-season training (competition) on body composition, physical fitness, and isokinetic muscle functions of XC skiers. Materials and Methods Seven XC skiers, including two national team members and five reserve national team members, participated in the study. Short-term off-season XC ski training was conducted for over 4 weeks (August– September). The physical composition, basic physical fitness, and isokinetic muscle function tests were conducted at S hospital in Seoul, South Korea before and after off-season ski training. The training program was conducted in New Zealand at S cross-country ski stadium (altitude 1350 m) in afternoons, and the ground training was conducted at Y area (altitude 300 m) in afternoons. The main training directions were polarized training and core stability. Weight training was not available because of local conditions. Results The short-term off-season XC ski training showed no differences (p>0.05) in body composition, such as weight, muscle mass, and body fat. There were significant differences (p0.05) in the antebrachial, femoral, and crural muscles. Basic physical fitness tests showed no significant differences (p>0.05) in strength, flexibility, agility, and balance. However, the power ratio between the right and left grip strength showed significant difference (p0.05) in both knee extensions before and after training, but, in contrast, there were significant differences (right knee, p0.05) between before and after training measurements. Conclusion Short-term off-season XC ski training (competition) of 4 weeks increased XC skiers’ cross-section area of the chest and brachial muscle. It also improved the isokinetic muscle function of knee joints and the power of lower body. Our research is expected to provide basic information for XC skiers who plan ski training and competition during summer training period. However, further studies on the differences between roller-skating and ski training conducted during summers are needed.
Keywords
