Numerical Models of Planetary Nebulae with Different Episodes of Mass Ejection: The Particular Case of HuBi 1

Abstract

We have studied the evolution of HuBi 1–like planetary nebulae, considering several stages of mass injection. We have carried out numerical ionization+1D hydrodynamics+atomic/ionic rate models with our code Coral1d to reproduce planetary nebulae that present multiple shells produced by different ejection events around the ionizing source. We are interested in comparing numerical simulations with H α and [N ii ] λ 6584 emission structures and the position–velocity diagrams observed for HuBi 1. This object also has a phase where it has drastically decreased the injection of ionized photons ejected from the source. The result of these different stages of ejection is a nebula with intense [N ii ] line emission in the inner part of the planetary nebula and extended H ii recombination line emission around the central zone. The model for HuBi 1 shows the capability of our code to explain the hydrodynamical and photoionization evolution in ionization nebulae. This is our first step with a 1D code to study these two physical phenomena at the same time.

Keywords

• Emission nebulae
• Planetary nebulae
• Hydrodynamical simulations