CHA2DS2‐VASc Score and the Risk of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmic Events and Mortality in MADIT‐CRT

Abstract

Background We hypothesized that multiple cardiovascular comorbidities, incorporated in the CHA2DS2‐VASc score, may be useful in the assessment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs) and mortality risk in heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and Results We evaluated the association between the CHA2DS2‐VASc score (dichotomized as high at the upper quartile [≥5] and further assessed as a continuous measure) and the risk of VTA and death among 1804 patients enrolled in MADIT‐CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy). A high CHA2DS2‐VASc score (n=464; 26%) was inversely associated with the risk of any VTA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.64; P=0.001), fast VTA >200 beats/min (HR; 0.51; P<0.001), and appropriate implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator shocks (HR: 0.60; P<0.001). In contrast, a high score was directly correlated with mortality risk (HR: 1.92; P<0.001) and the risk of HF or death (HR: 1.60; P<0.001). Consistently, each 1‐U increment in CHA2DS2‐VASc was associated with a significant 13% (P=0.003) reduction in VTA risk but a corresponding 33% (P<0.001) increase in mortality risk. Patients with a high CHA2DS2‐VASc score and left bundle‐branch block derived a pronounced 53% (P<0.001) reduction in the risk of HF or death with cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator versus implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator–only therapy. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a high CHA2DS2‐VASc score can be used to identify patients with mild HF who have low VTA risk and high morbidity or mortality risk and may derive a pronounced clinical benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy without a defibrillator. These data suggest a possible role for the CHA2DS2‐VASc score in device selection among candidates for biventricular pacing.

Keywords

• CHA2DS2‐VASc
• mortality
• ventricular tachycardia