Nature Communications (Mar 2022)
Tree-rings reveal two strong solar proton events in 7176 and 5259 BCE
- Nicolas Brehm,
- Marcus Christl,
- Timothy D. J. Knowles,
- Emmanuelle Casanova,
- Richard P. Evershed,
- Florian Adolphi,
- Raimund Muscheler,
- Hans-Arno Synal,
- Florian Mekhaldi,
- Chiara I. Paleari,
- Hanns-Hubert Leuschner,
- Alex Bayliss,
- Kurt Nicolussi,
- Thomas Pichler,
- Christian Schlüchter,
- Charlotte L. Pearson,
- Matthew W. Salzer,
- Patrick Fonti,
- Daniel Nievergelt,
- Rashit Hantemirov,
- David M. Brown,
- Ilya Usoskin,
- Lukas Wacker
Affiliations
- Nicolas Brehm
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETHZ
- Marcus Christl
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETHZ
- Timothy D. J. Knowles
- Bristol Radiocarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility, Bristol University
- Emmanuelle Casanova
- Bristol Radiocarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility, Bristol University
- Richard P. Evershed
- Bristol Radiocarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility, Bristol University
- Florian Adolphi
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
- Raimund Muscheler
- Department of Geology – Quaternary Sciences, Lund University
- Hans-Arno Synal
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETHZ
- Florian Mekhaldi
- Department of Geology – Quaternary Sciences, Lund University
- Chiara I. Paleari
- Department of Geology – Quaternary Sciences, Lund University
- Hanns-Hubert Leuschner
- Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University
- Alex Bayliss
- Historic England, Cannon Bridge House
- Kurt Nicolussi
- Department of Geography, Universität Innsbruck
- Thomas Pichler
- Department of Geography, Universität Innsbruck
- Christian Schlüchter
- Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern
- Charlotte L. Pearson
- University of Arizona, the Laboratory for Tree-Ring Research
- Matthew W. Salzer
- University of Arizona, the Laboratory for Tree-Ring Research
- Patrick Fonti
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL
- Daniel Nievergelt
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL
- Rashit Hantemirov
- Laboratory of Dendrochronology, Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- David M. Brown
- School of Natural and Built Environment, The Queen’s University
- Ilya Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu
- Lukas Wacker
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETHZ
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 8
Abstract
Two extreme solar energetic particle events have been found by carbon isotopes measured in ancient tree rings in 7176 and 5259 BCE. The recorded ~2% increases of atmospheric 14 C for both events exceeds in amplitude of all previously observed events.
