Aggregation‐induced emission artificial enzyme (AIEzyme) with DNase‐like activity: Imaging and matrix cleavage for combating bacterial biofilm

Abstract

Abstract DNase‐catalyzed hydrolysis of extracellular DNA (eDNA) has been widely employed to eradicate intractable biofilms. Although aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) has become the ideal tool for killing planktonic bacteria, AIE luminogens (AIEgens) often lack DNase‐mimetic activity, so as to suffer from poor anti‐biofilm capacity. Here, an “AIEzyme”, a kind of AIE nanomaterial with enzyme‐like activity, is designed and synthesized, where the AIEgens are used as the ligands of Zr‐based coordination polymer nanoparticles. Not only does AIEzyme have enduring DNase‐mimetic activity with low activation energy, but also structural rigidity‐stabilized fluorescence. Due to the long‐acting hydrolysis for eDNA in biofilm, AIEzyme can efficiently disorganize the established biofilms with good penetrability and realize the healing of superbug‐infected wounds under only one dose of AIEzyme. This work provides a strategy to endow ordinary AIEgens with DNase‐like and anti‐biofilm activities. Moreover, AIEzymes can be observed by virtue of their own AIE character, facilitating the study on self‐positioning and residual amount of AIEzymes in wounds. The concept “AIEzyme” would hopefully stimulate the tremendous expansion for the tool kits and the application of AIEgens and artificial enzymes.

Keywords

• aggregation‐induced emission
• artificial enzyme
• biofilm
• DNase
• extracellular DNA