SEISMIC EVALUATION AND RETROFITTING CODAL PROVISIONS –STATE OF THE ART

Abstract

Seismic evaluation is one of the important ways to validate that buildings can resist the earthquake loads. The seismic evaluation is classified into global and local checking; the global includes the overall lateral deflection and inter-story drift, the local involves the plastic hinge formed in the structural elements (beams, columns, shear wall, etc.) of the buildings. This paper includes the seismic evaluation techniques according to previous international codes. These codes include ATC-40, FEMA-273, FEMA-356, FEMA-440, ASCE41-13, Euro code 8, Japanese standard code, and Newzland code. This study showed that the seismic evaluation techniques introduced in FEMA-440 and the Japanese standard code are almost complete compared with the other techniques in the other codes.

Keywords

• capacity spectrum method
• seismic evaluation
• displacement coefficient method
• capacity curve
• pushover analysis