酶辅助三相分离法同时提取亚麻籽油、亚麻籽蛋白 和亚麻籽胶工艺优化Optimization of simultaneous extraction of oil, protein and gum from flaxseed by enzyme-assisted three phase partitioning

Abstract

采用酶辅助三相分离法（EATPP）同时提取亚麻籽中的油脂、蛋白质和胶，以亚麻籽油提取率为指标，通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化EATPP工艺条件。结果表明，最优EATPP工艺条件为酶解时间2 h，酶添加量433 U/g，叔丁醇用量3.9 mL/g，硫酸铵用量2.1 g/g，三相提取温度45 ℃，三相提取时间4 h。在最优工艺条件下，3个品种亚麻籽的亚麻籽油提取率为84.47%~89.03%，亚麻籽蛋白提取率为50.58%~55.69%，亚麻籽胶提取率为31.62%~35.61%。采用EATPP不仅能够同时分离亚麻籽中脂肪、蛋白质和胶，而且能够降低成本和提高亚麻籽的利用率。 Enzyme-assisted three phase partitioning (EATPP) was used to simultaneously extract oil, protein and gum from flaxseed, and the extraction rate of flaxseed oil was used as an indicator to optimize the process conditions of EATPP by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The results showed that the optimal EATPP process conditions were obtained as follows: enzymatic hydrolysis time 2 h, enzyme dosage 433 U/g, tert-butanol dosage 3.9 mL/g, ammonium sulfate dosage 2.1 g/g, three phase extraction temperature 45 ℃, three phase extraction time 4 h. Under the optimal process conditions, the extraction rate of the flaxseed oil from three varieties reached 84.47%-8903%, the extraction rate of flaxseed protein reached 50.58%-55.69%, and the extraction rate of flaxseed gum reached 31.62%-35.61%. Using EATPP can not only simultaneously extract oil, protein and gum from flaxseed, but also can reduce cost and improve the utilization rate of flaxseed.

Keywords

• 亚麻籽油；亚麻籽蛋白；亚麻籽胶；三相分离法；水酶法；同时提取
• flaxseed oil；flaxseed protein；flaxseed gum；three phase partitioning；aqueous enzymatic method; simultaneous extraction