Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report

Abstract

Coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 is predominantly manifests as a respiratory infection; however, it has been linked to a spectrum of neurological disorders such as vertigo, cephalalgia, cognitive impairment, myalgia, and anosmia. Emerging reports indicate several neurological illnesses that coincide with COVID-19, such as encephalitis and, notably, stroke. In this report, We present an instance of a patient infected with COVID-19 with Guillain-Barré Syndrome in this case report. Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy linked to various viral infections. We present the case of a 76-year-old female patient hospitalized with acute progressive symmetric ascending quadriparesis. Seven days before hospitalization, the patient experienced fever and cough with RT-PCR testing confirmed a positive COVID-19 infection. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed dissociation of cytoalbumin. Coronavirus stimulates inflammatory cells and produces various cytokines, leading to immune-mediated processes. GBS represents an immune-mediated disorder, with its pathogenesis intricately influenced by the pivotal role of molecular mimicry in its onset. Plasmapheresis was performed, resulting in an improved clinical outcome for the patient.

Keywords

• guillain-barré syndrome
• covid-19
• plasmapharesis
• neurology
• coronavirus
• intensive care