Structured Benefit-Risk Assessment of a New Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACYW-TT) in Individuals Ages 12 Months and Older

Abstract

Abstract Introduction A favorable benefit-risk balance is required to support licensure of biologics, in keeping with regulatory agencies’ evolving recommendations, including the United States Food and Drugs Administration. We present a structured semi-quantitative benefit-risk analysis of MenACYW-TT, a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine against Neisseria meningitidis serogroups, A, C, W and Y versus licensed comparators in individuals aged ≥ 12 months. Methods We used data from six MenACYW-TT clinical trials, stratified by age group, versus licensed vaccines: toddlers (12–23 months; Nimenrix® [MCV4-TT]), children (2–9 years; Menveo® [MCV4-CRM]), adolescents (10–17 years; MCV4-CRM or Menactra® [MCV4-DT]), adults (18–55 years; MCV4-DT) and older adults (≥ 56 years; Menomune®–A/C/Y/W-135 [MPSV4]). Eight benefit (seroresponse and seroprotection for A, C, W and Y) and five risk outcomes (any and grade 3 solicited injection site and systemic reactions, and serious adverse events) were measured at Day 30 after initial vaccination. Analyses were conducted by baseline vaccination status (meningococcal vaccine-naïve or vaccine-primed). Results MenACYW-TT showed favorable seroresponse and seroprotection among vaccine-naïve participants aged ≥ 2 years, against all serogroups, compared with MCV4-CRM, MCV4-DT and MPSV4. In vaccine-naïve toddlers, there was a favorable effect for serogroup C, but no difference between MenACYW-TT and MCV4-TT for serogroups A, Y and W. A favorable effect for MenACYW-TT against serogroup C was observed in all vaccine-naïve and combined vaccine-naïve and MenC conjugate vaccine-primed groups. For all risk criteria, there were no differences between MenACYW-TT and MCV4s in toddlers, children, adolescents and adults. Results for solicited injection site and systemic reactions favored MPSV4 in older adults. Conclusions The benefit-risk profile for MenACYW-TT showed favorable seroresponse and seroprotection in individuals aged ≥ 2 years and no difference in risk criteria between MenACYW-TT and MCV4s. MenACYW-TT may provide an alternative to the standard-of-care for meningococcal disease prevention in those aged ≥ 12 months.

Keywords

• Benefit-risk analysis
• Quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine
• MenACYW-TT
• Immunogenicity
• Safety