iScience (Aug 2022)

Human total, basal and activity energy expenditures are independent of ambient environmental temperature

  • Xueying Zhang,
  • Yosuke Yamada,
  • Hiroyuki Sagayama,
  • Philip N. Ainslie,
  • Ellen E. Blaak,
  • Maciej S. Buchowski,
  • Graeme L. Close,
  • Jamie A. Cooper,
  • Sai Krupa Das,
  • Lara R. Dugas,
  • Michael Gurven,
  • Asmaa El Hamdouchi,
  • Sumei Hu,
  • Noorjehan Joonas,
  • Peter Katzmarzyk,
  • William E. Kraus,
  • Robert F. Kushner,
  • William R. Leonard,
  • Corby K. Martin,
  • Erwin P. Meijer,
  • Marian L. Neuhouser,
  • Robert M. Ojiambo,
  • Yannis P. Pitsiladis,
  • Guy Plasqui,
  • Ross L. Prentice,
  • Susan B. Racette,
  • Eric Ravussin,
  • Leanne M. Redman,
  • Rebecca M. Reynolds,
  • Susan B. Roberts,
  • Luis B. Sardinha,
  • Analiza M. Silva,
  • Eric Stice,
  • Samuel S. Urlacher,
  • Edgar A. Van Mil,
  • Brian M. Wood,
  • Alexia J. Murphy-Alford,
  • Cornelia Loechl,
  • Amy H. Luke,
  • Jennifer Rood,
  • Dale A. Schoeller,
  • Klaas R. Westerterp,
  • William W. Wong,
  • Herman Pontzer,
  • John R. Speakman,
  • Lene F. Andersen,
  • Liam J. Anderson,
  • Lenore Arab,
  • Issad Baddou,
  • Bedu Addo,
  • Stephane Blanc,
  • Alberto Bonomi,
  • Carlijn V.C. Bouten,
  • Pascal Bovet,
  • Stefan Branth,
  • Niels C. De Bruin,
  • Nancy F. Butte,
  • Lisa H. Colbert,
  • Stephan G. Camps,
  • Alice E. Dutman,
  • Simon D. Eaton,
  • Ulf Ekelund,
  • Sonja Entringer,
  • Cara Ebbeling,
  • Sölve Elmståhl,
  • Mikael Fogelholm,
  • Terrence Forrester,
  • Barry W. Fudge,
  • Tamara Harris,
  • Rik Heijligenberg,
  • Annelies H. Goris,
  • Catherine Hambly,
  • Marije B. Hoos,
  • Hans U. Jorgensen,
  • Annemiek M. Joosen,
  • Kitty P. Kempen,
  • Misaka Kimura,
  • Watanee Kriengsinyos,
  • Estelle V. Lambert,
  • Christel L. Larsson,
  • Nader Lessan,
  • David S. Ludwig,
  • Margaret McCloskey,
  • Anine C. Medin,
  • Gerwin A. Meijer,
  • Eric Matsiko,
  • Alida Melse-Boonstra,
  • James C. Morehen,
  • James P. Morton,
  • Theresa A. Nicklas,
  • Daphne L. Pannemans,
  • Kirsi H. Pietiläinen,
  • Renaat M. Philippaerts,
  • Roberto A. Rabinovich,
  • John J. Reilly,
  • Elisabet M. Rothenberg,
  • Albertine J. Schuit,
  • Sabine Schulz,
  • Anders M. Sjödin,
  • Amy Subar,
  • Minna Tanskanen,
  • Ricardo Uauy,
  • Giulio Valenti,
  • Ludo M. Van Etten,
  • Rita Van den Berg-Emons,
  • Wim G. Van Gemert,
  • Erica J. Velthuis-te Wierik,
  • Wilhelmine W. Verboeket-van de Venne,
  • Jeanine A. Verbunt,
  • Jonathan C.K. Wells,
  • George Wilson

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 25, no. 8
p. 104682

Abstract

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Summary: Lower ambient temperature (Ta) requires greater energy expenditure to sustain body temperature. However, effects of Ta on human energetics may be buffered by environmental modification and behavioral compensation. We used the IAEA DLW database for adults in the USA (n = 3213) to determine the effect of Ta (−10 to +30°C) on TEE, basal (BEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) and physical activity level (PAL). There were no significant relationships (p > 0.05) between maximum, minimum and average Ta and TEE, BEE, AEE and PAL. After adjustment for fat-free mass, fat mass and age, statistically significant (p < 0.01) relationships between TEE, BEE and Ta emerged in females but the effect sizes were not biologically meaningful. Temperatures inside buildings are regulated at 18–25°C independent of latitude. Hence, adults in the US modify their environments to keep TEE constant across a wide range of external ambient temperatures.

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