Anthropogenic Geomorphological Changes in the Coastal area of Ain Al-Sokhna in Egypt, Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities in Egypt's Ain Sokhna area have significantly impacted the local coastal environment. These activities, including urbanization, industrial development, infrastructure construction, and tourism, have collectively contributed to geomorphological changes along the coastline. Ain Sokhna has experienced notable urban growth and the establishment of residential and commercial complexes, especially along the coastline. the construction of residential properties, hotels, and resorts has led to the transformation of natural shorelines and land reclamation from the sea.Tourism and recreational developments, including marinas, golf courses, and resorts, have expanded in the Ain Sokhna area . These activities often entail land reclamation and the introduction of non-native vegetation, thereby altering the natural coastal ecosystem. Industrial zones and facilities, including ports, warehouses, and factories, have been established along the coast . Moreover, the construction of ports and port facilities has involved dredging and changes in sediment dynamics, affecting coastal erosion and accretion patterns. The construction of coastal protection structures, such as seawalls, breakwaters, and groynes, has been employed to mitigate coastal erosion and protect infrastructure. While effective in the short term, these structures may alter natural coastal dynamics, posing long-term consequences for shoreline stability.

Keywords

• العين السخنة
• التغيرات الجيومورفولوجية البشرية
• ميناء السخنة
• التنمية السياحية
• المنشآت الصناعية
• ain sokhna
• anthropogenic geomorphological changes
• sokhna port
• tourism development
• industrial facilities