Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (Aug 2020)
A global analysis of climate-relevant aerosol properties retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories
- P. Laj,
- P. Laj,
- P. Laj,
- A. Bigi,
- C. Rose,
- E. Andrews,
- E. Andrews,
- C. Lund Myhre,
- M. Collaud Coen,
- Y. Lin,
- A. Wiedensohler,
- M. Schulz,
- J. A. Ogren,
- M. Fiebig,
- J. Gliß,
- A. Mortier,
- M. Pandolfi,
- T. Petäja,
- S.-W. Kim,
- W. Aas,
- J.-P. Putaud,
- O. Mayol-Bracero,
- M. Keywood,
- L. Labrador,
- P. Aalto,
- E. Ahlberg,
- L. Alados Arboledas,
- L. Alados Arboledas,
- A. Alastuey,
- M. Andrade,
- B. Artíñano,
- S. Ausmeel,
- T. Arsov,
- E. Asmi,
- J. Backman,
- U. Baltensperger,
- S. Bastian,
- O. Bath,
- J. P. Beukes,
- B. T. Brem,
- N. Bukowiecki,
- S. Conil,
- C. Couret,
- D. Day,
- W. Dayantolis,
- A. Degorska,
- K. Eleftheriadis,
- P. Fetfatzis,
- O. Favez,
- H. Flentje,
- M. I. Gini,
- A. Gregorič,
- M. Gysel-Beer,
- A. G. Hallar,
- J. Hand,
- A. Hoffer,
- C. Hueglin,
- R. K. Hooda,
- R. K. Hooda,
- A. Hyvärinen,
- I. Kalapov,
- N. Kalivitis,
- A. Kasper-Giebl,
- J. E. Kim,
- G. Kouvarakis,
- I. Kranjc,
- R. Krejci,
- M. Kulmala,
- C. Labuschagne,
- H.-J. Lee,
- H.-J. Lee,
- H. Lihavainen,
- N.-H. Lin,
- G. Löschau,
- K. Luoma,
- A. Marinoni,
- S. Martins Dos Santos,
- F. Meinhardt,
- M. Merkel,
- J.-M. Metzger,
- N. Mihalopoulos,
- N. Mihalopoulos,
- N. A. Nguyen,
- N. A. Nguyen,
- J. Ondracek,
- N. Pérez,
- M. R. Perrone,
- J.-E. Petit,
- D. Picard,
- J.-M. Pichon,
- V. Pont,
- N. Prats,
- A. Prenni,
- F. Reisen,
- S. Romano,
- K. Sellegri,
- S. Sharma,
- G. Schauer,
- P. Sheridan,
- J. P. Sherman,
- M. Schütze,
- A. Schwerin,
- R. Sohmer,
- M. Sorribas,
- M. Steinbacher,
- J. Sun,
- G. Titos,
- G. Titos,
- G. Titos,
- B. Toczko,
- T. Tuch,
- P. Tulet,
- P. Tunved,
- V. Vakkari,
- F. Velarde,
- P. Velasquez,
- P. Villani,
- S. Vratolis,
- S.-H. Wang,
- K. Weinhold,
- R. Weller,
- M. Yela,
- J. Yus-Diez,
- V. Zdimal,
- P. Zieger,
- N. Zikova
Affiliations
- P. Laj
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, IGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
- P. Laj
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
- P. Laj
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- A. Bigi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- C. Rose
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- E. Andrews
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- E. Andrews
- NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- C. Lund Myhre
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
- M. Collaud Coen
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland
- Y. Lin
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
- A. Wiedensohler
- Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
- M. Schulz
- Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
- J. A. Ogren
- NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. Fiebig
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
- J. Gliß
- Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
- A. Mortier
- Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
- M. Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- T. Petäja
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- S.-W. Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- W. Aas
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
- J.-P. Putaud
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
- O. Mayol-Bracero
- University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- M. Keywood
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
- L. Labrador
- World Meteorological Organisation, Global Atmosphere Watch Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland
- P. Aalto
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- E. Ahlberg
- Lund University, Department of Physics, Division of Nuclear Physics, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- L. Alados Arboledas
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- L. Alados Arboledas
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
- A. Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- M. Andrade
- Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
- B. Artíñano
- CIEMAT, Center for Research on Energy, Environment and Technology, Joint Research Unit CSIC-CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- S. Ausmeel
- Lund University, Department of Physics, Division of Nuclear Physics, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- T. Arsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- E. Asmi
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- J. Backman
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- U. Baltensperger
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- S. Bastian
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Dresden, Germany
- O. Bath
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- J. P. Beukes
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- B. T. Brem
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- N. Bukowiecki
- Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- S. Conil
- ANDRA DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, 55290 Bure, France
- C. Couret
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- D. Day
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- W. Dayantolis
- Bukit Kototabang Global Atmosphere Watch Station – Technical Operation Unit of BMKG, Agam, Indonesia
- A. Degorska
- Institute of Environmental Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- K. Eleftheriadis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
- P. Fetfatzis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
- O. Favez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- H. Flentje
- German Weather Service, Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeissenberg, Hohenpeißenberg, Germany
- M. I. Gini
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
- A. Gregorič
- Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- M. Gysel-Beer
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- A. G. Hallar
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- J. Hand
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- A. Hoffer
- MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, Veszprém, Hungary
- C. Hueglin
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
- R. K. Hooda
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- R. K. Hooda
- The Energy and Resources Institute, IHC, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
- A. Hyvärinen
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- I. Kalapov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- N. Kalivitis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
- A. Kasper-Giebl
- ZAMG – Sonnblick Observatory, Freisaalweg, 165020 Salzburg, Austria
- J. E. Kim
- Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, South Korea
- G. Kouvarakis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
- I. Kranjc
- Hydrometeorological Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- R. Krejci
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- M. Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- C. Labuschagne
- Research Department, South African Weather Service, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- H.-J. Lee
- Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, South Korea
- H.-J. Lee
- now at: National Council on Climate and Air Quality, Seoul, South Korea
- H. Lihavainen
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- N.-H. Lin
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- G. Löschau
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Dresden, Germany
- K. Luoma
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- A. Marinoni
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
- S. Martins Dos Santos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
- F. Meinhardt
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- M. Merkel
- Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
- J.-M. Metzger
- Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de La Réunion (OSUR), UMS3365, Saint-Denis de la Réunion, France
- N. Mihalopoulos
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
- N. Mihalopoulos
- Institute of Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, Palea Penteli, 15236, Greece
- N. A. Nguyen
- Hydro-Meteorological Observation Center (HYMOC), Hanoi, Vietnam
- N. A. Nguyen
- Meteorological and Hydrological Administration (VNMHA), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Ha Noi, Vietnam
- J. Ondracek
- Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
- N. Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- M. R. Perrone
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia and Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- J.-E. Petit
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- D. Picard
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- J.-M. Pichon
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- V. Pont
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS-Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- N. Prats
- Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- A. Prenni
- National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, USA
- F. Reisen
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
- S. Romano
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia and Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- K. Sellegri
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- S. Sharma
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Schauer
- ZAMG – Sonnblick Observatory, Freisaalweg, 165020 Salzburg, Austria
- P. Sheridan
- NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. P. Sherman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
- M. Schütze
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- A. Schwerin
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- R. Sohmer
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
- M. Sorribas
- Atmospheric Sounding Station, El Arenosillo, Atmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, INTA, 21130, Mazagón, Huelva, Spain
- M. Steinbacher
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
- J. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- G. Titos
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- G. Titos
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- G. Titos
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
- B. Toczko
- Department of Environmental Monitoring, Assessment and Outlook, Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection, Warsaw, Poland
- T. Tuch
- Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
- P. Tulet
- Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), UMR8105, Université de la Réunion – CNRS – Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
- P. Tunved
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- V. Vakkari
- Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- F. Velarde
- Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
- P. Velasquez
- Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- P. Villani
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- S. Vratolis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
- S.-H. Wang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- K. Weinhold
- Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
- R. Weller
- Alfred Wegener Institute, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- M. Yela
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
- J. Yus-Diez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- V. Zdimal
- Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
- P. Zieger
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- N. Zikova
- Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4353-2020
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13
pp. 4353 – 4392
Abstract
Aerosol particles are essential constituents of the Earth's atmosphere, impacting the earth radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast to most greenhouse gases, aerosol particles have short atmospheric residence times, resulting in a highly heterogeneous distribution in space and time. There is a clear need to document this variability at regional scale through observations involving, in particular, the in situ near-surface segment of the atmospheric observation system. This paper will provide the widest effort so far to document variability of climate-relevant in situ aerosol properties (namely wavelength dependent particle light scattering and absorption coefficients, particle number concentration and particle number size distribution) from all sites connected to the Global Atmosphere Watch network. High-quality data from almost 90 stations worldwide have been collected and controlled for quality and are reported for a reference year in 2017, providing a very extended and robust view of the variability of these variables worldwide. The range of variability observed worldwide for light scattering and absorption coefficients, single-scattering albedo, and particle number concentration are presented together with preliminary information on their long-term trends and comparison with model simulation for the different stations. The scope of the present paper is also to provide the necessary suite of information, including data provision procedures, quality control and analysis, data policy, and usage of the ground-based aerosol measurement network. It delivers to users of the World Data Centre on Aerosol, the required confidence in data products in the form of a fully characterized value chain, including uncertainty estimation and requirements for contributing to the global climate monitoring system.
