Shanghai Jiaotong Daxue xuebao. Yixue ban (Jan 2024)
Research progress in ceruloplasmin regulation of lipid metabolism homeostasis
Abstract
Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a crucial protein secreted by the liver and plays a vital role in regulating the distribution and transport of copper throughout the body, thereby maintaining copper homeostasis. Additionally, Cp functions as a significant enzyme known as ferroxidase, which is involved in iron metabolism within the body. Numerous studies have suggested a close relationship between Cp and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Recent research has also shed light on the involvement of Cp in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The various activities associated with lipid metabolism, including lipid synthesis, adipose hydrolysis, fatty acid oxidation, lipid transport, and absorption, collectively contribute to maintaining lipid homeostasis. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism can lead to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular complications. Cp regulates lipid metabolism through two main mechanisms. Firstly, Cp participates in the regulation of oxidative stress by modulating iron metabolism through its ferroxidase activity and involvement in redox reaction. Secondly, copper along with copper-dependent enzymes directly participates in the processes such as cholesterol metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. As a result, the role of Cp in maintaining the homeostasis of copper and iron allows it to regulate lipid metabolism by influencing copper or iron-dependent enzymes and related pathways. Although the correlation between Cp and lipid metabolism has been identified, an in-depth exploration of the precise mechanisms by which Cp governs lipid metabolism is warranted. This article provides an overview of the role of Cp in lipid metabolism and highlights the progress in related research, with the aim of providing new insights for the development and treatment of disorders related to lipid metabolism.
Keywords
