Investigation of the Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite, EDTA, Propolis, Boric Acid and Citric Acid Irrigation Solutions on Push-out Bond Strengths of Root Canal Sealers

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different root canal irrigation solutions, including propolis and boric acid (BA), on the bonding strengths of epoxy-resin-based AH Plus and bioceramic-based Bioserra root canal sealers on root dentin. Methods: One hundred extracted teeth with single root-single canal were shaped and divided into 2 groups according to filling material (AH Plus and Bioserra) and each group was divided into 5 subgroups according to irrigation solution (5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 10% BA, 10% propolis). The teeth of which canals were filled were incubated at 37 °C for one week, then embedded in acrylic resin. Horizontal sections with thickness of 2 mm were taken from the middle level of the root of each tooth and pressing force was applied in vertical direction until a break occurred in the connection, POBS (push-out bond strength) values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests. Finally samples were examined with binocular microscope. Results: Regardless of the sealer used, mean POBS values of 5.25% NaOCl solution groups were found significantly higher than others (p<0.05). Also regardless of the irrigation solution used, mean POBS values of AH Plus groups were significantly higher than Bioserra groups (p<0.05). Among the experimental groups that used Bioserra, 5.25% NaOCl irrigation group had significantly higher POBS value than other solution groups. Meanwhile, there was no difference between POBS values of irrigation solution groups when AH Plus was used. In addition, in 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid groups, the mean POBS values of the samples using AH Plus were found significantly higher according to Bioserra samples (p<0.05). When mode of failures were examined; cohesive failure was mostly observed in NaOCl-AH Plus group, adhesive failure was mostly in BA-AH Plus group, mixed failure was mostly in Propolis-Bioserra group. Conclusion: The bonding strength is significantly affected by the sealer used and the sealer/irrigation solution interaction. The bonding strength of AH Plus is superior to Bioserra. If 17% EDTA or 10% citric acid is to be used as irrigation solution, then AH Plus should be preferred instead of Bioserra sealer.

Keywords

• push-out bond strength test
• propolis
• boric acid
• root canal sealer
• root canal irrigation