Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Dec 2021)

Ideological Context: Soviet Residential Architecture in the 1920s and Narkomfin Communal House

  • Sevim ATEŞ CAN,
  • Kadir Emre BAKIR

DOI
https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.926919
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 2
pp. 364 – 375

Abstract

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In this study, the relationship between ideological context and residential planning is examined through the ideology in the Soviet Union in the 1920s being supported by the residential architecture. Besides economic difficulties experienced after the October Revolution and World War I, the topics like technological deficiencies and encouraging women's labor force participation affected the solutions addressed by many architects within the scope of residential architecture. To offer a solution for these problems, the architectural design competition was held in 1926. In most of these designs, spaces such as kindergartens, libraries, common kitchens, common dining rooms, etc. were emphasized as common places. The Narkomfin Communal House was designed for bureaucrats of the Russian Ministry of Finance in Moscow in 1928. The residents of the Narkomfin Communal House were led to common spaces in their daily life for eating, reading, doing exercises, etc. F-type apartments in Narkomfin Communal House were thought as transitional type to communal life. However, the assumption that the demand for F-type apartments would increase and the demand for K-type apartments would decrease over time did not realise. In this study, the new definition that was brought to residential planning by ideological context is examined within instances.