Seeing the random forest through the decision trees. Supporting learning health systems from histopathology with machine learning models: Challenges and opportunities

Abstract

This paper discusses some overlooked challenges faced when working with machine learning models for histopathology and presents a novel opportunity to support “Learning Health Systems” with them. Initially, the authors elaborate on these challenges after separating them according to their mitigation strategies: those that need innovative approaches, time, or future technological capabilities and those that require a conceptual reappraisal from a critical perspective. Then, a novel opportunity to support ''Learning Health Systems'' by integrating hidden information extracted by ML models from digitalized histopathology slides with other healthcare big data is presented.

Keywords

• Pathology
• Artificial intelligence
• Machine learning
• Learning health system
• Image processing
• Computer-assisted