THE LEVEL OF DEMONSTRATION OF VARIETY GENETIC POTENTIAL DEPENDING ON THE GROWING CONDITIONS

Abstract

One of the factors for winter wheat productivity increase is a proper choice of the variety. At present the productivity potential of the varieties of main grain crops is raised to 100 hwt/ha and more, but in the production it is not completely used. In the steppe region of the Crimea the level of demonstration of variety genetic potential largely depends on weather conditions, especially on the amount of moisture during vegetation period. The article gives the analysis of weather conditions of autumn and spring vegetation periods of winter wheat during 2010-2013. The two years from three (2011 and 2012) were characterized with unfavorable weather conditions, insufficient amount of precipitations and high air temperature. The article gives the effect of year conditions on productivity of the varieties. There have been determined the coefficient of regression (bi) and the index of stability (Si2) of the studied winter wheat varieties of the principal ecologic groups. It has been revealed that the varieties with high ecologic adaptability and low stability possess the biggest practical value. The varieties ‘Zorepad’, ‘Turunchuk’ and ‘Missiya Odesskaya’ show the most efficient combination of these indexes, that demonstrates their abilities to give stable yields under various growing conditions.

Keywords

• winter wheat
• variety
• productivity
• genetic potential
• weather conditions
• ecologic adaptability
• stability