Determination of Oil Products in Waste and Natural Waters Using Tetra?hloromethane

Abstract

At present water pollution by oil products is a widespread phenomenon. Industrial sewage, oil escape during transportation, waste waters from refueling stations and motor transport lead to pollution of surface waters. Oil production results in substantial pollution of natural waters. In addition, natural waters are contaminated by filtration of oil products from ground surface. Topicality of detection of oil products continuously increases, because crude oil and oil products are the most abundant pollutants of anthropogenic origin. Large-scale environmental pollution occurs by both crude oil and products of oil refining (solvents, gasolines, lubricating oils, bitumen, and so on) during production, transportation and usage of such products. Procedure for determination of oil products in water using tetrachloromethane includes three successive stages (operations): isolation of emulsified and dissolved oil components from water by extraction with tetrachloromethane; chromatographic separation of oil products from accompanying organic compounds of other classes by means of a column filled with aluminum oxide; quantitative determination of mass concentration of oil products on the basis of absorption intensity of C-H bonds at the infrared region using concentration meter. Modern analytical equipment allows determining concentration of oil products up to 0.0005 mg/l, while maximum permissible concentration of oil products is 0.05 mg/L in accordance with Russian Sanitary regulations and standards.