Disseminated mycobacterial infections after tumor necrosis factor inhibitor use, revealing inborn errors of immunity

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitors can be associated with increased risk of infections, particularly reactivation of latent tuberculosis or nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). However, because disseminated NTM is rare, inborn errors of immunity should be considered. We present three patients with disseminated NTM after tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitor use who were found to have inborn errors of immunity.

Keywords

• Mycobacteria
• Inborn errors of immunity
• TNF inhibitor
• Infliximab
• Immunodeficiency