Nonlinear coordination strategy between renewable energy sources and fuel cells for frequency regulation of hybrid power systems

Fahad M. Almasoudi; Abualkasim Bakeer; Gaber Magdy; Khaled Saleem S. Alatawi; Gaber Shabib; Abderrahim Lakhouit; Sultan E. Alomrani

Ain Shams Engineering Journal (Feb 2024)

Nonlinear coordination strategy between renewable energy sources and fuel cells for frequency regulation of hybrid power systems

Fahad M. Almasoudi,
Abualkasim Bakeer,
Gaber Magdy,
Khaled Saleem S. Alatawi,
Gaber Shabib,
Abderrahim Lakhouit,
Sultan E. Alomrani

Affiliations

Fahad M. Almasoudi: Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47913, Saudi Arabia
Abualkasim Bakeer: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt
Gaber Magdy: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt; Faculty of Engineering, King Salman International University, El-Tor, South Sinai 46511, Egypt
Khaled Saleem S. Alatawi: Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47913, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.
Gaber Shabib: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt; Higher Institute of Computer, King Marriott, Alexandria 23713, Egypt
Abderrahim Lakhouit: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47913, Saudi Arabia
Sultan E. Alomrani: Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47913, Saudi Arabia

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 15, no. 2
p. 102399

Abstract

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This study proposes an advanced control strategy for the coordination of an energy storage system (ESS) based on fuel cells (FCs) and renewable energy sources (RESs) to enhance frequency dynamic performance in hybrid power systems (HPSs). The proposed coordination control strategy is based on the nonlinear proportional-integral (NPI) controller, which increases the system's flexibility in dealing with disturbances and changing operating conditions. In addition, it improves the system's dynamic response and attempts to address system weakness caused by highly penetrating RESs. The proposed NPI controller is optimally designed using a new optimization algorithm, called dandelion optimizer (DO), whose proficiency and effectiveness are verified by comparing its performance with other well-known optimization algorithms used in the literature; particle swarm optimization (PSO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), and ant lion optimization (ALO) algorithms considering various standard objective functions. Furthermore, the proposed NPI controller performs better than other control strategies used in the literature under load/RESs fluctuations. The effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear coordination control strategy is examined and investigated through a self-contained HPS that includes a diesel generator, RESs (i.e., photovoltaic and wind power plants), battery ESS, flywheel ESS, aqua electrolyzer for hydrogen production, FCs, electric vehicles, and customer loads. The simulation results carried out by the MATLAB software demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed DO-optimized NPI controller for HPS frequency regulation, even when the power system's parameters have substantial variations. Moreover, the results revealed that the proposed strategy significantly reduces the frequency deviation by approximately 95% compared to the conventional coordination strategy based on the fixed contribution of RESs and by 90% compared to the adaptive coordination control based on the PI controller.

Published in Ain Shams Engineering Journal

ISSN: 2090-4479 (Print); 2090-4495 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Egypt
LCC subjects: Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/ain-shams-engineering-journal/

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