Paramagnetic Solid-State NMR Study of Solid Solutions of Cobaltocene with Ferrocene and Nickelocene

Abstract

The metallocenes ferrocene (Cp2Fe, 1), nickelocene (Cp2Ni, 2), and cobaltocene (Cp2Co, 3) crystallize in the same space group (P21/a) and they have the same shape and similar size. Therefore, they form solid solutions with random distribution of the different molecules when crystallized from solution. Alternatively, the solid metallocenes can be ground together manually, and the solid solutions form at any molar ratio within minutes. The metallocenes 2 and 3 are paramagnetic. Solid solutions of 1/3 and 2/3 have been studied by paramagnetic solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The effect of the paramagnetic species on the other components in the solid solutions has been investigated. The impact on the chemical shifts is limited. However, the halfwidths and the signal shapes, as defined by the rotational sideband intensities, change with increasing amounts of paramagnetic components. The 1H T1 relaxation times are shortened for diamagnetic protons in the presence of paramagnetic metallocenes in the solid solutions. It has been demonstrated that all metallocenes mix at the molecular level within the polycrystalline samples. The EPR spectra of the solid solutions are dominated by the most intensive signal of any paramagnetic metallocene in the solid samples.

Keywords

• paramagnetic NMR
• metallocene solid solutions
• nickelocene
• cobaltocene
• ferrocene