Frontiers in Medicine (Mar 2021)

Genetic Basis of Antimicrobial Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated From Bloodstream in Brazil

  • Melise Chaves Silveira,
  • Cláudio Marcos Rocha-de-Souza,
  • Ivson Cassiano de Oliveira Santos,
  • Leilane da Silva Pontes,
  • Thamirys Rachel Tavares e Oliveira,
  • Camila Bastos Tavares-Teixeira,
  • Nataly de Almeida Cossatis,
  • Natacha Ferreira Pereira,
  • Orlando Carlos da Conceição-Neto,
  • Bianca Santos da Costa,
  • Daiana Cristina Silva Rodrigues,
  • Rodolpho Mattos Albano,
  • Fabrício Alves Barbosa da Silva,
  • Elizabeth Andrade Marques,
  • Robson Souza Leão,
  • Ana Paula D'Alincourt Carvalho-Assef

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.635206
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8

Abstract

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Multidrug-resistant microorganisms are a well-known global problem, and gram-negative bacilli are top-ranking. When these pathogens are associated with bloodstream infections (BSI), outcomes become even worse. Here we applied whole-genome sequencing to access information about clonal distribution, resistance mechanism diversity and other molecular aspects of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from bloodstream infections in Brazil. It was possible to highlight international high-risk clones circulating in the Brazilian territory, such as CC258 for Klebsiella pneumoniae, ST79 for Acinetobacter baumannii and ST233 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Important associations can be made such as a negative correlation between CRISPR-Cas and K. pneumoniae CC258, while the genes blaTEM, blaKPC and blaCTX−M are highly associated with this clone. Specific relationships between A. baumannii clones and blaOXA−51 variants were also observed. All P. aeruginosa ST233 isolates showed the genes blaVIM and blaOXA486. In addition, some trends could be identified, where a new P. aeruginosa MDR clone (ST3079), a novel A. baumannii clonal profile circulating in Brazil (ST848), and important resistance associations in the form of blaVIM−2 and blaIMP−56 being found together in one ST233 strain, stand out. Such findings may help to develop approaches to deal with BSI and even other nosocomial infections caused by these important GNB.

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