Diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil-to-albumin ratio in predicting aortic valve sclerosis: A retrospective study

Abstract

Objectives: Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) is the thickening or calcification of the aortic valve without significant obstruction, primarily affecting the elderly and potentially progressing to calcific aortic valve disease with high morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the diagnostic potential of the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) in predicting AVS. Methods: In this retrospective study, 494 patients aged 18-75 who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between December 2022 and March 2024 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: 401 with AVS and 93 without. NAR was calculated from laboratory data. Results: The AVS group had higher rates of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary artery disease compared to the control group (p<0.001 for all). Laboratory findings showed elevated fasting blood glucose, creatinine, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, WBC, and neutrophil counts in the AVS group. Multivariate analysis identified hypertension, diabetes mellitus, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and elevated NAR as independent predictors of AVS. Sensitivity of NAR in diagnosis of AVS was 56% and specificity 58%. Conclusion: Elevated NAR is significantly associated with AVS and is an independent predictor. These findings suggest NAR could be a valuable marker for early diagnosis and management of AVS. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions targeting inflammation in AVS

Keywords

• aortic valve sclerosis
• neutrophil-to-albumin ratio
• inflammation
• predictive value
• accuracy