Processing of household solid waste for heat treatment

Abstract

The production of alternative fuels is a promising direction in the development of energy. Nowadays, in science the technology of heat treatment of various materials, including household solid waste is used. In order to obtain an alternative type of fuel from waste, the technology of heat treatment of raw materials without access to oxygen – thermolysis is used. Under the influence of low temperatures (400–500ºС) and without access to oxygen, the material decomposes into several components: water, gas, fuel oil and dark heating oil. To ensure the correct operation of such a line, it is required to supply finely divided raw materials to form the required plug in the loading zone from raw materials. Moreover, raw material should not be homogeneous. It is known that a mixture of rubber and paper gives cleaner results during heat treatment. To ensure proper operation and obtain the desired mixed raw materials, a rotary centrifugal unit with a complex dynamic effect on the material was developed. Calculations and studies showed that such a grinder design is capable of qualitatively grinding raw materials and mixing it in the right proportions. Small dimensions and a design solution in the form of a single rotor with several mechanisms of action on the material allow reducing energy consumption for grinding. The practical value of the paper is in the creation of an improved design of a rotary centrifugal unit on the basis of theoretical and experimental studies. It increases the productivity and quality of the resulting mixture. The results of the study can be used in the industry of waste processing plants.