Application of a modified clinical classification for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease in children: emphasis on atrial septal defects and transposition of the great arteries. An analysis from the TOPP registry

• Julie Wacker,
• Tilman Humpl,
• Rolf M. F. Berger,
• Dunbar Ivy,
• David Bowers,
• Damien Bonnet,
• Maurice Beghetti

Affiliations

Julie Wacker

Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Children’s University Hospital, and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Tilman Humpl

Pediatric Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Rolf M. F. Berger

Centre for Congenital Heart Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

Dunbar Ivy

Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States

David Bowers

School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom

Damien Bonnet

Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes, M3C-Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France

Maurice Beghetti

Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Children’s University Hospital, and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland