Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Resin Based Dental Materials in Human Lymphocytes in Vitro

Abstract

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of six diff erent dental nanocomposite materials, three conventional ones and three fl owable composite resin materials, in human lymphocytes. Th e following materials were tested: Tetric EvoCeram, Tetric Evo-Flow, Filtek Ultimate, Filtek Ultimate Flow, G-aenial and G-aenial Flo. Cytotoxicity was evaluated for two mass concentrations (0.007 g/mL and 0.013 g/mL) of each material, non-cured and cured, after 4 hours and 24 hours. Genotoxicity was evaluated using micronucleus assay under the same conditions as applied during the investigation of cytotoxicity. Uncured forms of Tetric EvoCeram, Tetric EvoFlow and Filtek Ultimate Flow in higher mass concentration caused genotoxic eff ect. Uncured G-aenial Flo in higher mass concentration induced apoptosis and necrosis. Uncured Tetric EvoFlow and uncured Filtek Ultimate Flow in higher mass concentration induced early apoptosis after both test periods. None of the conventional composite resin materials tested showed cytotoxicity except for uncured G-aenial, which induced apoptosis in higher mass concentration in both test periods. In conclusion, under the conditions of this in vitro study, cured conventional composites did not show cytotoxic or genotoxic eff ect, which is important for clinical application of these materials, whereas uncured forms exhibited certain level of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, mainly because of monomers in their composition.

Keywords

• Dental Materials
• Nanocomposites
• Composite Resins
• Cytotoxins
• Apoptosis