Isolated maxillary sinus plasmacytoma: A rare entity

Abstract

Plasmacytoma is a monoclonal plasma B cell malignancy originating in either bone named as solitary plasmacytoma of the bone or in soft tissue labeled as extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP). Solitary EMP is rare accounting for <1% of all head-and-neck malignancies, occurring primarily in the upper aerodigestive tract and nasal cavity, with nasal septum being the most common site. It accounts for 4% of all nonepithelial sinonasal tumors. EMPs are four times more common in men and affect geriatric age group routinely in the 6th–8th decade of life. It is pertinent to exclude systemic involvement by utilizing a systematic and well-coordinated approach of clinical, laboratory, and radiologic investigations. EMP of the nasal cavity is rare, but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nasal cavity masses in all age groups, especially elderly. The present case report describes a patient affected by EMP, in which tumor arose from left maxillary sinus. The patient was managed with endoscopic resection of the mass followed by external beam radiotherapy. The patient was followed up for 2 years with routine endoscopies and 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with complete resolution of the lesion.

Keywords

• cd138
• extramedullary plasmacytoma
• isolated maxillary sinus plasmacytoma
• paranasal sinuses
• sinus tumor