Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Nov 2023)
The Effectiveness of Educational Intervention Based on Health Locus of Control on Self-efficacy, Self-care Behaviors and Metabolic Indicators of Diabetic Patients
Abstract
Background and purpose: The health Locus of control (HLC) as a psychological variable has an effective role in predicting self-care behaviors in type 2 diabetic patients, health education programs focusing on strengthening HLC improve the effectiveness of interventions. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of educational intervention based on HLC on self-efficacy, self-care and metabolic indicators of T2D patients. Materials and methods: In an experimental study, 84 T2D patients reffered to health care centers of Qazvin city were assigned to experimental and control groups using multi-stage random sampling. The theory based education regarding HLC included 2 individual counseling sessions and three 45-minute group training sessions. Data collection tools included demographic items, summery of Diabetes self-care activity questionnaire (Toobert et al., 2000), and self-efficacy scale (Rohani et al., 2018), multidemnsion health locus of control scale (Moshki et al., 2006), and FBS and HbA1c measurements. Data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 software and chi-square tests, independent t test, analysis of covariance. Results: The mean of self-efficacy, dimensions of health locus of control, the total score of self-care along with its dimensions have improved significantly in the experimental group after controlling the effect of the pre-test (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean of HbA1c (from 7.46±1.82 to 6.14±1.23) and FBS (from 154.8±56.63 to 115.5±40.19) was significantly reduced in the experimental group after controlling the effect of the pre-test (P<0.001). Conclusion: Designing educational interventions focusing on strengthening the HLC can lead to improvement of self-efficacy, self-care behaviors and blood glocuse reduction in T2D patients.
