Journal of Blood Medicine (Nov 2022)
Structure and Function of Recombinant versus Plasma-Derived von Willebrand Factor and Impact on Multimer Pharmacokinetics in von Willebrand Disease
Abstract
Herbert Gritsch,1 Gerald Schrenk,1 Nina Weinhappl,1 Björn Mellgård,2 Bruce Ewenstein,2 Peter L Turecek3,4 1Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, a Takeda Company, Vienna, Austria; 2Rare Genetics and Hematology, Research & Development, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 4Plasma Derived Therapies, Research & Development, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, a Takeda Company, Vienna, AustriaCorrespondence: Peter L Turecek, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, a Takeda company, DC-Tower, Donau-City-Straße 7, Vienna, A-1220, Austria, Tel +43 1 20 100 247 2520, Fax +43 1 20 100 247 5733, Email [email protected]: Background: Recombinant von Willebrand factor (rVWF, vonicog alfa) is a purified VWF concentrate produced from Chinese hamster ovary cells. rVWF is not exposed to the VWF-cleaving protease ADAMTS13 and so is not subject to proteolytic degradation of large (L) and ultra-large (UL) VWF multimers by that enzyme.Purpose: To compare the structure and function of rVWF with the human plasma-derived VWF [pdVWF] concentrates Haemate P®/Humate-P®, Voncento®, Wilate®/Eqwilate®, and Wilfactin®/Willfact®; to investigate the relationship between VWF multimeric pattern and VWF:ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RCo) activity through population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling in patients with severe von Willebrand disease (VWD) treated with rVWF.Methods: Analyses included VWF:RCo activity, VWF:collagen-binding activity, VWF:platelet glycoprotein Ib receptor binding, factor VIII (FVIII) binding capacity, and VWF-mediated platelet adhesion under flow conditions. VWF multimeric structure was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. Population PK models describing the activity-time profile of small, medium, and L/UL multimers following intravenous administration of rVWF in patients with severe VWD were developed.Results: Findings demonstrate that rVWF contains a non-degraded VWF multimer pattern including the UL multimers not present in pdVWF concentrates. rVWF displayed higher specific platelet-binding activity, and faster mediation of platelet adhesion to collagen under shear stress versus pdVWF concentrates. rVWF also demonstrated higher FVIII binding capacity than Haemate P®, Voncento® and Wilate®. Modeling provided evidence that VWF:RCo activity in patients with severe VWD treated with rVWF is associated with L/UL VWF multimers in the circulation.Conclusions: Findings suggest that the L and UL multimers preserved in rVWF contribute to high biological activity and might be important for providing hemostatic efficacy.Keywords: agar, electrophoresis, factor VIII, plasma, von Willebrand diseases, von Willebrand factor
