Status quo of liquid hydrogen safety research

Abstract

As renewable energy with no pollution but wide sources and high calorific value， hydrogen becomes increasingly important in the context of energy shortage and dual carbon goals. The safety of liquid hydrogen is an important factor impeding its application. In this regard， the research results of worldwide liquid hydrogen safety in recent years are summarized. The hazards of liquid hydrogen are discussed in view of its low temperature， leakage， and combustion. The research results of the liquid hydrogen leakage and dispersion law from experimental and numerical simulations are introduced. The latest research progress of liquid hydrogen safety protection measures is outlined. Overall， the hazards of liquid hydrogen have now been fully understood， but liquid hydrogen leakage and dispersion laws must be further studied. There are few experimental data on liquid hydrogen leakage and dispersion， and the related numerical simulations still face many difficulties. No comprehensive standards， laws， and regulations are yet formulated for the safety requirements of liquid hydrogen storage， transportation and application.

Keywords

• liquid hydrogen
• hydrogen safety
• leakage and dispersion
• protection measure