Nature and Science of Sleep (Mar 2023)
Adaptation and Validation of the Turkish Version of the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test in University Students
Abstract
Omer Faruk Uygur,1 Oli Ahmed,2 Aynur Bahar,3 Onur Hursitoglu,4 Esat Fahri Aydın,1 Seockhoon Chung,5 Halil Ozcan,1 Christopher L Drake6,7 1Department of Psychiatry, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey; 2Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh; 3Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Gaziantep University Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep, Turkey; 4Department of Psychiatry, Sular Academy Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey; 5Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 6Henry Ford Hospital Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Detroit, MI, USA; 7Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State College of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USACorrespondence: Omer Faruk Uygur, Department of Psychiatry, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey, Tel +90 442 344 66 66, Email [email protected]: We adapted the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test to Turkish (FIRST-T) and validated it.Methods: We randomly divided 774 Turkish university students into two equal groups for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha values were utilized for reliability analyses. Item response theory (IRT) approach also used for psychometric properties on the full sample. For discriminant validity, study sample were classified into high and low sleep reactivity groups, and their sociodemographic and sleep data were compared.Results: EFA results suggested a one-factor structure of the FIRST-T, which was confirmed by CFA results. The FIRST-T had solid internal reliability. Item analysis results showed that all the items could distinguish between low and high scorers. This scale showed the same construct (clinical insomnia vs good sleepers) across the sexes in multi-group CFA and differential item functioning results. In the high FIRST-T score group, sleep quality, severity of insomnia, and anxiety scores were higher. In this group, more participants had clinical insomnia according to the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and were poor sleepers according to the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (p < 0.01).Conclusion: The FIRST-T has robust psychometric properties that assesses sleep reactivity among university students.Keywords: adaptation, ford insomnia response to stress test, sleep reactivity, stress-related-insomnia, validation
