ГЕПАТИТ ДЕЛЬТА: ЭТИОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИКА, ДИАГНОСТИКА, ТЕРАПИЯ (ЛЕКЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПРАКТИЧЕСКИХ ВРАЧЕЙ)

Abstract

A significant part of liver disease, once considered the result of infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV), are the result of infection HBV, and hepatitis delta virus (HDV). HDV is hepatotropic, defective RNA virus that requires obligatory HBV presence for its replication and the formation of infectious particles. About 10% of patients with chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis infected by HDV. HDV results in coinfection (simultaneous infection of HBV and HDV) and superinfection (HDV infection with chronic hepatitis B). The natural course of the infection is characterized by rapid progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Diagnosis of HDV-infection is based on the detection of delta antigen, antibodies to the virus (anti-HDV IgM and IgG) and RNA HDV in serum. The effectiveness of antiviral therapy proved only on the treatment by interferon (IFN-2α and PEG-IFN-2α). The only way to protect against HDV infection is vaccination against hepatitis B.

Keywords

• hepatitis delta
• coinfection
• superinfection
• liver cirrhosis
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• antiviral therapy