Гуманитарные и юридические исследования (Sep 2021)
THE SOUTH CAUCASUS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOVIET-TURKISH RAPPROCHEMENT IN 1920-1921
Abstract
The article deals with the problem of Soviet-Turkish relations in 1920-1921. After 1919 the relation between Russia and Turkey was resumed, but in a new format. On the one hand, open confrontation was replaced by cooperation, on the other hand, the Bolsheviks dealed with the Ankara Kemal government. Both of them were in internal systemic crises and were unrecognized state. Bolshevik Russia and Kemalist Turkey had to begin peaceful cooperation. The author emphasizes and proves that Soviet-Turkish alliance was contextual. The period was marked by a veiled rivalry for influence in the Caucasus. Both governments could not openly fight, and therefore they tried to formally cooperate with the solution of the Caucasian question. Moreover, the democracy was declared by the Bolsheviks and Kemalists so that they didn't allow them to be involved in war conflict. The formation of independent states in the South Caucasus without external support was impossible at that moment. For Turkey and Russia, the assumption of independence was the same as concession region to each other or England. Both governments had goals to subordinate the South Caucasus: the Bolsheviks talked about creating a single republic out of three, Kemal government planned forming the Caucasian Federation.
