Future Science OA (Feb 2022)

Extracellular vesicles: a promising cell-free therapy for cartilage repair

  • Rizka Musdalifah Amsar,
  • Christofora Hanny Wijaya,
  • Ika Dewi Ana,
  • Atik Choirul Hidajah,
  • Hari Basuki Notobroto,
  • Triati Dewi Kencana Wungu,
  • Anggraini Barlian

DOI
https://doi.org/10.2144/fsoa-2021-0096
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 2

Abstract

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Few effective therapies for cartilage repair have been found as cartilage has a low regenerative capacity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are produced by cells and contain bioactive components such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other metabolites that have potential for treating cartilage injuries. Challenges like the difficulty in standardizing targeted therapy have prevented EVs from being used frequently as a treatment option. In this review we present current studies, mechanisms and delivery strategies of EVs. Additionally, we describe the challenges and future directions of EVs as therapeutic agents for cartilage repair.

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