Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica (Jan 2009)
RENDIMIENTO DE Stevia rebaudiana Bert. BAJO TRES ARREGLOS POBLACIONALES EN EL SINÚ MEDIO YIELD OF Stevia rebaudiana Bert. UNDER THREE POPULATION ARRANGEMENT IN MIDDLE SINU
Abstract
El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de tres arreglos de población sobre el rendimiento de hojas en dos genotipos de Stevia rebaudina Bert., bajo las condiciones del Sinú Medio (Montería - Colombia), durante 16 semanas, del primer semestre de 2006. Se evaluaron seis tratamientos en arreglo factorial (2x3), originados de la combinación de dos genotipos de estevia (Morita 1 y Morita 2) y tres arreglos de siembra (20x20; 40x20 y 40x40cm entre surcos y plantas, respectivamente); para ello, se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron las variables: rendimiento de hoja húmeda (RHOHU) y seca (RHOSE), relación RHOSE / RHOHU (RESEHU), porcentaje de humedad en las hojas (PHUHO), relación hoja / tallo en húmedo (RHOTAHU) y en seco (RHOTASE). Se detectaron diferencias significativas (pThe study objective was to evaluate the effect of three population arrangements on leaf yield in two genotypes of Stevia rebaudina Bert., under environmental conditions of Middle Sinú (Montería - Colombia), during 16 weeks of the first term of 2006. Six treatments were evaluated in a factorial arrangement (2x3), originating from combination of two stevia genotypes (Morita 1 and Morita 2) and three populations arrangements (20x20, 40x20 and 40x40cm between rows and plants, respectively). A completely randomized block design with four replications was used. The traits: wet leaf yield (RHOHU), dry leaf yield (RHOSE), RHOSE/RHOHU ratio (RESEHU), moisture in leaves (PHUHO), leaf/stem wet ratio (RHOTAHU) and leaf/stem dry ratio (RHOTASE ), were analyzed. Significant differences were detected between genotypes (p<0.01) only for RHOTAHU and RHOTASE. The populations arrangement had significant effects (p<0.05 and p<0.01) in the expression of RHOHU, RHOSE, RHOTAHU and RHOTASE. The genotypes by arrangement interactions were only significant (p<0.05) for RHOSE. The plant arrangement 20x20, showed the highest average RHOHU (4654kg ha-1) and RHOSE (1378kg ha-1), surpassing by about 83% the 40x40 arrangement, considered the control. Morita 1 expressed statistically the most RHOSE (1586kg ha-1) in arrangement 20x20, whereas Morita 2 (1416kg ha-1) did so at the arrangement 40x20. The use of plant arrangements 20x20 y 40x20 for Morita 1 y Morita 2 is suggested to increase yield of stevia in Middle Sinú.
