Frontiers in Public Health (Jun 2023)

Impact of longer working hours on fathers’ parenting behavior when their infants are 6  months old: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study

  • Haruka Kasamatsu,
  • Akiko Tsuchida,
  • Akiko Tsuchida,
  • Kenta Matsumura,
  • Kenta Matsumura,
  • Kei Hamazaki,
  • Kei Hamazaki,
  • Kei Hamazaki,
  • Mariko Inoue,
  • Hidekuni Inadera,
  • Hidekuni Inadera,
  • the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1100923
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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ObjectiveLong working hours have been suggested to affect fathers’ parenting behavior, but previously reported findings have been inconsistent. This study examined the association between the working hours and parenting behavior of fathers while accounting for other factors related to their parenting behavior, using data from the Japan Environment and Children Study (JECS), a large cohort study in Japan.MethodsData from 43,159 father–mother pairs were analyzed. The mother assessed the father’s frequency of seven parenting behaviors at 6 months after delivery. Then, each behavior was classified into a high-engagement group (always and sometimes) or a low-engagement group (rarely and never). The father’s weekly working hours was obtained from his responses and was classified into six levels.ResultsLogistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for covariates, fathers’ weekly working hours was inversely associated with the frequency of all parenting behaviors examined in this study (p for trend <0.0001). Compared with fathers working ≥0 to ≤40 h per week, those working >65 h per week showed the following adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for low engagement in parenting behaviors: playing at home, 2.38 (2.08–2.72); changing diapers, 2.04 (1.89–2.20); and bathing the child, 2.01 (1.84–2.18).ConclusionThis study suggests that the greater time constraints imposed by longer working hours constitute a major factor that discourages fathers from engaging in childrearing behavior. Intervention targeting long working hours could contribute to measures aimed at promoting high-engagement parenting behaviors among fathers.

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