THE EFFECT PRODUCED BY SYNTHETICALLY AND NATURALLY ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE ON SEEDLING GROWTH OF TWO WHEAT VARIETIES

Abstract

This paper study the effects of different dilution of synthetically Sigma - Aldrich and naturally obtaining allyl isothiocyanate on caryopses germination ability and seedling growth of Triticum aestivum L. var. Marco Polo and Trublion. Allyl isothiocyanate is the main bioactive compound in aqueous extracts of metamorphosed horseradish roots. The germination ability of wheat caryopses was not significant modified to experimental variants in relation to the controls. The concentrations 0.02 % and 0.01 % Sigma-Aldrich allyl isothiocyanate significantly inhibited seedling growth of Marco Polo wheat variety. Instead, the 0.002 % and 0.001 % concentrations ensured their optimal growth. The Trublion wheat variety was less sensitive to the action of the allelopathic substance allyl isothiocyanate. Only the 0.02 % concentration caused significant inhibitions of seedling growth. The other concentrations taken in the study (0.01; 0.005; 0.002 and 0.001 %) significantly stimulated the growth in the length of the vegetative organs. In the Marco Polo wheat variety the concentration 20 % from the aqueous extract of horseradish determined significant inhibition in the seedling growth. The other dilutions 10 %, 5 % and 2 % significantly inhibited the growth of rootlets and coleoptiles showed statistically insignificant stimulations. Only the 1 % concentration caused insignificant inhibitions in root length growth and significant stimulations in coleoptile growth. The Trublion wheat variety was also shown to be more resistant to the action of aqueous horseradish extracts. The concentration 20 % determined significant inhibition in the growth in the length of embryonic and adventitious roots but not the significantly inhibitions of coleoptiles. The dilutions 10 % and 5 % determined significant inhibitions in the roots growth but coleoptiles were significantly stimulated. The 2 % concentration caused insignificant inhibitions in roots length growth and significant stimulations in coleoptiles growth. The last dilution of horseradish root aqueous extract 1 % were found to be beneficial because significant stimulated the growth of the plantlets.

Keywords

• allyl isothiocyanate
• triticum
• germination ability