Nihon Kikai Gakkai ronbunshu (Dec 2020)
Analysis of vascular smooth muscle cell and HeLa cell migration on the microgrooved substrate (Cell type differences of the mechanical sensing for microgrooved surfaces)
Abstract
Cell migration is critical in many physiological processes, including morphogenesis, wound healing, and metastasis of cancer cells, and thus elucidation of the mechanism of cell migration is quite important. It is well known that these processes of cell migration can be guided by microenvironment of the substrate surfaces, such as microgrooves. However, detailed mechanism of cellular mechanical sensing for microgrooved surfaces has not been clarified yet. Here we investigated the migration responses of cells on the microgrooved substrate in consideration of the effects of cell type differences. We cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) obtained from different animal species (porcine aortic smooth muscle (PASM) cells and rat aortic smooth muscle (RASM) cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa) on the microgrooved substrate with 2-μm groove width and approximately 200-nm groove depth, and assessed the shape changes and migration behavior of the cells. Both types of VSMCs migrated directionally on the microgrooved substrate, but their detailed responses were quite different: PASM cells became more elongated shape on the microgrooves while maintaining their adhesion area and exhibited marked directional migration on the grooves. In contrast, RASM cells showed a significant reduction of adhesion area on the microgrooved substrate and they occasionally locomoted obliquely on the grooves. Interestingly, HeLa cells did not elongate in their shape on the microgrooved substrate with random migration direction, indicating that HeLa cells could not sense the microgrooved surfaces. These results indicate that the changes in cell shape and migration behavior might be dependent on the difference in intracellular structure due to the cell type differences, and these differences can be emphasized by the culture on the microgrooved surfaces.
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