Zhongguo youzhi (Dec 2024)
富硒花生降胆固醇活性肽的制备工艺优化及活性研究"Optimization of preparation process and activity of selenium-enriched peanut peptides with cholesterol-lowering activity"
Abstract
旨在为降胆固醇保健品的开发提供理论依据，以富硒花生芽为原料，采用碱溶酸沉法提取富硒花生蛋白，并对其进行酶解和超滤制备富硒花生降胆固醇活性肽。以胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率为指标，通过单因素试验和响应面试验确定最佳酶解工艺条件，并对酶解物的氨基酸组成、超滤前后多肽的降胆固醇活性及硒含量进行了研究。结果表明：最佳酶解工艺条件为采用木瓜蛋白酶、加酶量16 000 U/g、pH 8.0、底物质量浓度3 g/100 mL、酶解温度41 ℃、酶解时间90 min，在此条件下富硒花生蛋白酶解物的胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率为（45.58 ± 0.49）%，显著高于未富硒花生蛋白酶解物的〔（32.70± 0.71）%〕；富硒花生蛋白酶解物的总疏水性氨基酸含量占总氨基酸含量的36%。超滤后分子质量小于10 kDa的多肽组分的降胆固醇活性最强，胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率为（52.72 ± 0.63）%，且硒含量最高（10.13 mg/kg）。综上，利用木瓜蛋白酶酶解富硒花生蛋白和超滤的方法可以制备富硒花生降胆固醇活性肽。 In order to provide theoretical basis for the development of cholesterol-lowering health products, the selenium-enriched peanut protein was extracted from selenium-enriched peanut buds by alkaline solution and acid precipitation, and the selenium-enriched peanut protein was enzymatically hydrolyzed and ultrafiltered to prepare selenium-enriched peanut peptides. With the inhibition rate of cholesterol micellar solubility as index, the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis process was determined by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The amino acid compositions, cholesterol-lowering activity before and after ultrafiltration and selenium content of the enzymolysis product were studied.The results showed that papain was the best protease，and the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were dosage of enzyme 16 000 U/g，pH 8.0，mass concentration of substrate 3 g/100 mL，enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 41 ℃，and enzymatic hydrolysis time 90 min. Under these conditions, the inhibition rate of cholesterol micellar solubility of selenium-enriched peanut peptides reached （45.58±0.49）%，which was significantly higher than that of peanut peptides without selenium-enriched (32.70±0.71)%, and the hydrophobic amino acid content accounted for 36% of the total amino acid content. The component with the molecular mass less than 10 kDa had the highest cholesterol-lowering activity and selenium content(10.13 mg/kg), and its inhibition rate of cholesterol micellar solubility was (52.72±0.63)%．In conclusion，selenium-enriched peanut peptides with cholesterol-lowering activity can be prepared by papain enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration.
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