Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma; Retrospective Review

Abstract

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. This paper aimed to assess the stage, site, and treatment outcome among rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed from January 2011 to December 2017 of patients that presented to the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, for the management of RMS. Data collection included clinical characteristics, staging, grouping, risk stratification, treatment plan, radiotherapy doses, and treatment outcome. Results: Among 24 subjects, there were a total of 13 (54.2%) males and 11 (45.8%) females. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 2.5 years (range: 0.75 - 17 years). The majority of the subjects (91.7%) were less than 10 years of age. The median follow-up time was 0.6 years. According to the Children's Oncology Group Classification, 4 (16.7%) subjects were classified as low risk, 14 (58.3%) subjects were rated as intermediate risk, and 6 (0.25%) subjects were stratified as high risk. The most common primary tumor site were genitourinary (62.5%) and abdomen/retroperitoneal (20.8%) regions. At the time of analysis, nine (37.5%) subjects had died because of the disease, twelve (50%) were alive with no evidence of disease, and one subject had a recurrence of disease and was alive. One subject had abandoned the therapy, and another was lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma presented at the late stages of the disease, and it most frequently affected genitourinary and abdomen or retroperitoneal areas. Overall, Rhabdomyosarcoma was found to have a poor outcome to therapy.

Keywords

• Alveolar
• embryonal
• low-middle income country
• rhabdomyosarcoma
• treatment