Updated view of new liquid-matter ferroelectrics with nematic and smectic orders

Abstract

The recent discovery of liquid-matter ferroelectrics not only opens a door to explore novel polar matter states and properties in the term of condensed matter physics but also provides unprecedented opportunities for developing new liquid crystal materials and technologies. The progression from the ferroelectric nematic phase to many other liquid-matter ferroelectrics represents a remarkable journey in emerging polar soft matter. In this perspective, we briefly introduce the latest quick rise and advancements of liquid-matter ferroelectrics that display the nematic and smectic characteristics. We summarize the recently-discovered new polar phases, their new physics, and potential technological innovations, and then give some hints that we consider critical for further exploration. More importantly, we seek to delve into broader discussions on chemical structure design, the underlying physical interactions driving various polar states, and their connections to a range of intriguing phenomena.

Keywords

• Liquid crystal
• Ferroelectric
• Nematic
• Smectic
• Polar interaction