Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Health Professionals in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background. Early screening for cervical cancer is a key life-saving intervention in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Despite the high burden of cervical cancer, the coverage of cervical cancer screening is low in developing countries, including Ethiopia. There is a paucity of information on the utilization of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimedto assess the determinants of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia. Method. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 232 female health professionals in Harar town from September 01 to 30, 2022. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors for the level of cervical cancer screening. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to report the strength of association and statistical significance declared at p value < 0.05. Results. The prevalence of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals was 16.8% (95% CI: 11%, 22%). Higher education level (AOR=4.28, 95% CI: 1.68, 10.90), use of contraceptives (AOR=2.71, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.23), training on cervical cancer screening (AOR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.05, 6.08), good knowledge about cervical cancer screening (AOR=3.37, 95% CI: 1.44, 7.91), and positive attitude toward cervical cancer screening (AOR=5.31, 95% CI: 2.04, 13.83) were independent factors that increased the utilization of cervical cancer screening. Conclusion. One in every six female health professionals was screened for cervical cancer. Education level, contraceptive use, cervical cancer screening training, cervical cancer screening knowledge, and attitude toward cervical cancer screening were the determinants of cervical cancer screening utilization among female health professionals. Improving the health professionals’ knowledge and attitude toward cervical cancer screening through upgrading their education level and training on cervical cancer screening would be essential to improving the level of cervical cancer screening.