An audit of gastrointestinal stromal tumors from a tertiary medical college hospital in Eastern India

Abstract

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of GI tract. They are recently recognized as a distinct pathological entity although previously they were grouped with sarcomas of smooth muscle origin, i.e., leiomyomas, leiomyoblastomas, or leiomyosarcomas. However, apart from GI tract, GIST can occur in any smooth muscle-like in the urinary bladder. Proper diagnosis by immunohistochemistry stain CD133 and risk stratification by morphological parameters has been the cornerstone of treatment. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective analysis to audit the number of cases presenting as GIST in the tertiary medical colleges of eastern India and find out the patterns of care with the available modalities of therapy. Results: Out of total 15 cases, the median age of presentation was 45 years; the Male: Female (M: F) ratio was 2:3 and persisting dragging prolonged chronic abdominal pain was present in the majority. Intestinal complications were few (20%). All were treated with imatinib mesylate 400 mg once daily. However, two patients progressed for whom the dose of imatinib was escalated and one patient was metastatic at onset who was later switched over to sorafenib even after disease progression with dose escalation with imatinib. The median follow-up was 17.5 months and the median time to response to imatinib was 3.2 months. The 2-year actuarial overall survival was 79.12%, and progression-free survival was 86.67%. Conclusions: The future directions are to determine appropriate duration of imatinib therapy in adjuvant/neoadjuvant and therapeutic setting.

Keywords

• gastrointestinal stromal tumors
• imatinib mesylate
• prognosis