Isolation, identification, and monoclonal antibody development of largemouth bass virus

Yinghui Qin; Yinghui Qin; Yinghui Qin; Yinghui Qin; Haixiang Liu; Haixiang Liu; Haixiang Liu; Haixiang Liu; Shuangshuang Mao; Shuangshuang Mao; Shuangshuang Mao; Shuangshuang Mao; Riying Deng; Yuhang Wang; Si Deng; Si Deng; Si Deng; Si Deng; Peipei Zhang; Lunguang Yao; Lunguang Yao; Lunguang Yao; Lunguang Yao

doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1338197

Frontiers in Marine Science (Jan 2024)

Isolation, identification, and monoclonal antibody development of largemouth bass virus

Yinghui Qin,
Yinghui Qin,
Yinghui Qin,
Yinghui Qin,
Haixiang Liu,
Haixiang Liu,
Haixiang Liu,
Haixiang Liu,
Shuangshuang Mao,
Shuangshuang Mao,
Shuangshuang Mao,
Shuangshuang Mao,
Riying Deng,
Yuhang Wang,
Si Deng,
Si Deng,
Si Deng,
Si Deng,
Peipei Zhang,
Lunguang Yao,
Lunguang Yao,
Lunguang Yao,
Lunguang Yao

Affiliations

Yinghui Qin: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Yinghui Qin: Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Yinghui Qin: College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Yinghui Qin: Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Haixiang Liu: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Haixiang Liu: Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Haixiang Liu: College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Haixiang Liu: Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Shuangshuang Mao: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Shuangshuang Mao: Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Shuangshuang Mao: College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Shuangshuang Mao: Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Riying Deng: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Yuhang Wang: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Si Deng: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Si Deng: Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Si Deng: College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Si Deng: Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Peipei Zhang: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Lunguang Yao: Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of The Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Lunguang Yao: Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Lunguang Yao: College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
Lunguang Yao: Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1338197
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10

Abstract

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Largemouth bass virus (LMBV) poses a significant threat to largemouth bass farming, leading to substantial economic losses. In December 2022, massive largemouth bass juveniles died at a fish farm in the city of Xinxiang, China. Through a series of experiments, we conclusively identified LMBV as the causative pathogen. The affected fish displayed anorexia, lethargy, and hemorrhage at the pectoral and caudal fin base. No parasites or pathogenic bacteria were detected on the body surface or gills, or isolated from the diseased fish. Severe hemorrhage, lymphocyte infiltration, and extensive necrosis were observed in the liver, spleen, intestine, and stomach of the moribund fish. The tissue homogenate from the diseased fish induced epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells (EPC) cell death, while no such effects were observed in grouper spleen (GS) cells. Sequence similarity analysis of the major capsid protein (MCP) indicated the virus shared 100% similarity with the LMBV-FS2021 strain, placing it within the Ranavirus genus. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations revealed plenty of hexagonal virions accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected EPC cells. Artificial infection demonstrated that LMBV-XX01 was highly fatal to Micropterus salmoides juveniles, with an LD50 of 103.081 TCID50/fish. RT-qPCR detection confirmed that LMBV appeared in all sampled tissues of the challenged largemouth bass, with significantly higher viral loads detected in the liver and heart compared to other tissues. Additionally, we successfully obtained a highly purified recombinant MCP of LMBV and developed two strains of monoclonal antibodies targeting MCP of LMBV-XX01. Overall, our findings provide valuable materials and insights for the design of prevention strategies and the development of detection methods for LMBV.

Published in Frontiers in Marine Science

ISSN: 2296-7745 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Natural history (General): General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution
Website: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science

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