« Rendre visibles les invisibles : le massacre du 5 juin, l’entrée sur la scène politique péruvienne d’un nouvel acteur indigène ? »

Abstract

This article combines historical and sociological methods, in order to go back to the roots of a social conflict that occured on the 5th of june, 2009, in Bagua, Peru. The « massacre del cinco de junio », also known in the press as « el Baguazo », has given way to conflictual memories. This article intends to demonstrate that this event has aslo paved the way for the emergence of a new peruvian political actor, that until then had remained invisible: natives comunities who live in the peruvian Amazonian region. Whereas the indios who live in the andean altiplano had embodied peruvian subalternity in the political peruvian imaginary, the end of the Shining Path's period was caracterised by a shift in importance from the sierra to the selva. This phenomenon triggers consequences, and calls into question the concept of « integration » or « inclusion ». National comunities is hereby re-imagined in a post-colonial context, and follows a new paradigm, different from the 1920s' indigenist one. Beyond integration, what is at stake is creating new socio-political bases, that requires both to establish equality among citizens for universalist purposes and to take into account cultural differences that are no longer to be reduced.

Keywords

• State
• Peru
• indigenous social movement
• awajun
• Baguazo