Long-term dynamics of and potential management strategies for the beaver (Castor fiber) population in Poland

Abstract

In the medieval period, beavers were widespread throughout Poland. In the 13th century, the number of animals began to decline. After the Second World War, it was assumed that Eurasian beavers were no longer present in Poland. In 1974, the programme “Active protection of European beavers in Poland” was launched. Reintroduction was a very important element of the active protection of beavers. According to an inventory carried out in 1977, there were estimated to be over 1000 individuals. Long-term reintroduction efforts by hunters and scientists have caused beavers to be present throughout Poland. In recent years, the beaver population has increased significantly. This situation has created conflicts between farmers, foresters and beavers. In Poland, the beaver is considered a partly protected species. This manuscript discusses the dynamics of the beaver population in Poland and needed actions for future sustainable management.

Keywords

• eurasian beaver
• beaver population
• beaver management
• poland