Stroke pattern and outcome of management in type 2 diabetics in a tertiary hospital in North Western Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a well-recognized risk factor for stroke. Clinical features, as well as outcome of stroke, difference between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The objective of this study is to determine the pattern and outcome of management in diabetes-stroke co-morbidity. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study where case folders of patient admitted from January 1 to December 31, 2009 with the clinical diagnosis of stroke were traced. A questionnaire was used to extract relevant data from case folders. Results: A total of 115 patients with the clinical diagnosis of stroke were admitted during the study period, but only 88 had complete information out of which 12 (13.6%) had type 2 diabetes. The mean age of the diabetic group (69.67 ± 12.7 years) was found to be significantly higher than that of the nondiabetic group (56.93 ± 16.06 years) (t = 2.615, P = 0.011). Ischemic stroke occurred more frequently in the diabetes stroke the co-morbid group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =0.079, P = 0.540). Outcome in terms of neurological recovery tended to be poor in the diabetes-stroke co-morbid group as compared to the nondiabetes stroke group (χ2 =13.93, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Stroke pattern and outcomes are different in the diabetic patient compared to nondiabetic patient. There is more prevalence of ischemic stroke in the diabetic group of patients often with slow recovery.

Keywords

• Diabetes mellitus
• outcome
• stroke pattern