Des documents de planification et d’urbanisme aux politiques publiques dédiées : la prise en compte des jardins collectifs dans sept agglomérations françaises

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to understand how collective gardens are taken into account in French urban planning. To do this, it proposes a review of the law relating to collective gardens. In this regard, it notes its lack of efficiency. Focused on allotment gardens, the law is incapable of translating realities in constant evolution. Based on the study of the urban planning documents in 7 cities ((Lille, Grand Lyon, Marseille, Grand Nancy, Nantes, Paris-Ile-de-France, Grand Toulouse), this article demonstrates that Local town planning plans (Plans Locaux d’Urbanisme, PLU) are certainly more and more integrative but also very variable from one territorial context to another. Nevertheless, the commune remains, the scale of apprehension most relevant as for collective gardens. Based on a detailed analysis of the public policies dedicated to collective gardens in three representative cities (Marseille, Grand Nancy, Nantes), this article shows that the ad hoc devices created by the municipalities bring inequalities of regard and treatment according to the agglomerations and according to the forms of collective gardens. Indeed allotments and community gardens are often opposed.

Keywords

• public policies
• community gardens
• collective gardens
• allotment gardens
• urban planning documents