Relationship between El Niño Southern Oscillation and Mexico’s orange yield anomalies

Abstract

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effects can be measured as its impacts on crop yields. Nonetheless, those effects on main Mexican crops have been scarcely studied. In this work, the main aim was to identify correlations between the Mexican lemon (Citrus limonia L. Osbeck) or orange (Citrus sinensis L.) yearly mean yield anomalies from 1980 to 2015 and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by involving the extended multivariate ENSO Index (MEI.ext) or the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI). Results indicate that ENSO and lemon annual mean yield anomalies were no correlated. On the other hand, ENSO extreme events in their phase El Niño have leading positively the Mexico’s orange yearly mean yield anomalies, especially from July to November.

Keywords

• mei.ext
• oni
• correlation
• cross-correlation
• squared wavelet coherence