Zhongguo youzhi (Jun 2024)

盾叶木籽油的理化性质、热特性及抗氧化性能

  • 杨梦1，毕荣璐2，张平3，王爱民4，陆桂蒙1，汪海翔1，刘祥义1，徐娟1 YANG Meng1，BI Ronglu2，ZHANG Ping3，WANG Aimin4，LU Guimeng1， WANG Haixiang1，LIU Xiangyi1，XU Juan 1

DOI
https://doi.org/10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.23063
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 49, no. 6
pp. 53 – 57,81

Abstract

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旨在为盾叶木籽油的进一步开发利用提供参考，采用索氏提取法提取带壳和不带壳盾叶木籽中油脂，测定带壳盾叶木籽油（HMGO）和不带壳盾叶木籽油（NMGO）的理化指标、总多酚含量、脂肪酸组成、热特性和抗氧化活性，比较两种盾叶木籽油的性质差异。结果表明：带壳盾叶木籽含油率略低于不带壳的，NMGO的酸值、过氧化值、总多酚及不皂化物含量低于HMGO的，而其皂化值高于HMGO的；HMGO 和 NMGO分别检出21种和20种脂肪酸，其中神经酸含量最高（NMGO43.00%和HMGO 41.10%），其次是芥酸（NMGO 30.20%和HMGO 28.80%）；HMGO低温结晶在-4.19 ℃处熔融，快速热解温度在355~441 ℃，NMGO低温结晶在-3.68 ℃处熔融，快速热解温度在363~440 ℃，两种盾叶木籽油均在407 ℃质量损失速率达到最大值；盾叶木籽油对DPPH自由基及ABTS自由基均具有不同程度的清除作用，清除能力随着其浓度的升高而增大，且HMGO较NMGO对DPPH自由基及ABTS自由基清除能力强。综上，盾叶木籽油可作为神经酸和芥酸的来源资源进行开发利用。Aiming to provide a reference for further development and utilization of Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed oil,the oil was extracted from Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed with shell and without shell by Soxhlet extraction. The physicochemical properties, total polyphenol content, fatty acid composition, thermal characteristics and antioxidant activities of Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed oil with shell (HMGO) and without shell (NMGO) were determined. A comparative analysis between HMGO and NMGO was conducted to investigate their respective properties.The results showed that the oil content in Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed with shell was slightly lower than that without shell.The acid value,peroxide value,total polyphenols and unsaponified contents of NMGO were lower than those of HMGO, whereas the saponification value was higher for NMGO.A total of 21 and 20 fatty acids were detected from HMGO and NMGO, respectively,in which nervonic acid was the dominant fatty acid in both, with a content of 43.00% in NMGO and 41.10% in HMGO, followed by erucic acid with 30.20% in NMGO and 28.80% in HMGO.The melting peak temperatures of HMGO and NMGO low-temperature crystallisation were -4.19 ℃ and -3.68 ℃, respectively. Both oils had a rapid pyrolysis temperature range between 355-441 ℃ (HMGO) and 363-440 ℃(NMGO), respectively. The maximum mass loss of both oils occurred at 407 ℃.Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed oil had different scavenging effects on DPPH and ABTS free radicals,and the scavenging ability increased with the increase of concentration.Furthermore, HMGO exhibited superior scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS free radicals in comparison with NMGO. In conclusion, Macaranga adenantha Gagnep. seed oil can be developed and utilized as a source of nervonic and erucic acid.

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